Semiconductor structure with staggered selective growth

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure provides one embodiment of a semiconductor structure. The semiconductor structure includes a semiconductor substrate; a first conductive feature and a second conductive feature disposed on the semiconductor substrate; and a staggered dielectric feature interposed between the first and second conductive feature. The staggered dielectric feature includes first dielectric layers and second dielectric layers being interdigitated. The first dielectric layers include a first dielectric material and the second dielectric layers include a second dielectric material being different from the first dielectric material.

PRIORITY DATA

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationSer. No. 62/737,279 filed Sep. 27, 2018, the entire disclosure of whichis hereby incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

Integrated circuits have progressed to advanced technologies withsmaller feature sizes. In these advanced technologies, the gate pitch(spacing) continuously shrinks and therefore induces contact to gatebridge concern. Furthermore, three dimensional transistors with fin-typeactive regions are often desired for enhanced device performance. Thosethree-dimensional field effect transistors (FETs) formed on fin-typeactive regions are also referred to as FinFETs. FinFETs are requirednarrow fin width for short channel control, which leads to smaller topsource/drain (S/D) regions than those of planar FETs. This will furtherdegrade the contact to S/D landing margin. Along with the scaling downof the device sizes, the contact or via sizes were continuously shrunkfor high-density gate pitch requirement. Various processing approachesare experimented and are not satisfactory, either causing bridging, highcontact resistance or patterning issues and manufacturing cost.Therefore, there is a need for a structure and method for forming acontact/via structure to address these concerns for enhanced circuitperformance and reliability.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Aspects of the present disclosure are best understood from the followingdetailed description when read with the accompanying figures. It isemphasized that, in accordance with the standard practice in theindustry, various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, thedimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased orreduced for clarity of discussion.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are flowcharts of a method making a semiconductorstructure having a staggered self-aligned contact/via structureconstructed in accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14A, 14B and 15 aresectional views of a semiconductor structure at various fabricationstages constructed according to some embodiments.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a method making a semiconductor structureconstructed in accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 17A and 17B are perspective views of a semiconductor structure atvarious fabrication stages constructed according to some embodiments.

FIG. 17C is a sectional view of the semiconductor structure of FIG. 17B,in portion, constructed according to some embodiments.

FIGS. 18 and 19 are sectional views of a semiconductor structure atvarious fabrication stages constructed according to some embodiments.

FIGS. 20 and 21 are sectional views of a semiconductor structure atvarious fabrication stages constructed according to some embodiments.

FIGS. 22 and 23 are sectional views of a semiconductor structure atvarious fabrication stages constructed according to some embodiments.

FIGS. 24 and 25 are sectional views of a semiconductor structureconstructed according to some embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It is to be understood that the following disclosure provides manydifferent embodiments, or examples, for implementing different featuresof various embodiments. Specific examples of components and arrangementsare described below to simplify the present disclosure. These are, ofcourse, merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. Inaddition, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/orletters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose ofsimplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationshipbetween the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.Moreover, the formation of a first feature over or on a second featurein the description that follows may include embodiments in which thefirst and second features are formed in direct contact and may alsoinclude embodiments in which additional features may be formedinterposing the first and second features, such that the first andsecond features may not be in direct contact.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are flowcharts of a method 100 for fabricating anintegrated circuit constructed according to some embodiments. FIGS. 2through 15 are sectional views of an integrated circuit 200 at variousfabrication stages. The integrated circuit 200 includes a staggeredself-aligned contact/via structure. In some embodiments, the integratedcircuit 200 includes fin-type transistors electrically connected throughthe staggered self-aligned contact/via structure. The semiconductorstructure 200 and the method 100 making the same are collectivelydescribed below with reference to FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2 through 15.

Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 2, the method 100 begins with a block 102by providing a semiconductor substrate 202. The semiconductor substrate202 includes silicon. In some other embodiments, the substrate 202includes germanium, silicon germanium or other proper semiconductormaterials. The substrate 202 may alternatively be made of some othersuitable elementary semiconductor, such as diamond or germanium; asuitable compound semiconductor, such as silicon carbide, indiumarsenide, or indium phosphide; or a suitable alloy semiconductor, suchas silicon germanium carbide, gallium arsenic phosphide, or galliumindium phosphide.

The semiconductor substrate 202 also includes various doped regions suchas n-well and p-wells. In one embodiment, the semiconductor substrate202 includes an epitaxy (or epi) semiconductor layer. In anotherembodiment, the semiconductor substrate 202 includes a buried dielectricmaterial layer for isolation formed by a proper technology, such as atechnology referred to as separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX). Insome embodiments, the substrate 202 may be a semiconductor on insulator,such as silicon on insulator (SOI).

The method 100 includes operations 104 to form various components anddevices on the semiconductor substrate 202, such as forming shallowtrench isolation (STI) features; forming fin active regions; and formingfield-effect transistors (FETs). The operation 104 and the correspondingstructures will be further described later.

Still referring to FIG. 2, the method 100 includes an operation 106 toform first conductive features 210 and second conductive features 212 onthe substrate 202; and to form dielectric spacers 214 on the substrate202. Particularly, the dielectric spacers 214 are inserted between theadjacent first conductive features 210 and second conductive features212 to provide isolation. The dielectric spacers 214 laterally contactthe sidewalls of the adjacent conductive features 212 and 210. In someembodiments, the first conductive features 210 are gate electrodes ofthe corresponding FETs and the second conductive features 212 arecontacts to the source/drain (S/D) features of the corresponding FETs.The first conductive features 210 and the second conductive features 212include metal, metal alloy, silicide, other suitable conductivematerials, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments where the firstconductive features 210 are gate electrodes, the first conductivefeatures 210 include tungsten, titanium nitride, tantalum nitride,titanium silicon nitride, titanium aluminum carbide or a combinationthereof. In some embodiments where the second conductive features 212are contacts, the second conductive features 212 include cobalt,tungsten, copper, aluminum, ruthenium, or a combination thereof. Thegate electrodes are formed by deposition and patterning. In someexamples, the gate electrodes are metal gate electrodes and are formedby a gate-last procedure that includes forming dummy gates by depositionand patterning; and removing the dummy gates by etching; forming metalgate electrodes by deposition and polishing, such as chemical mechanicalpolishing (CMP). The contacts are formed by patterning an interlayerdielectric material to form contact holes; filling a metal in thecontact holes by deposition; and CMP. In some embodiments, thedielectric spacers 214 are gate spacers formed on sidewalls of the gateelectrodes by deposition and anisotropic etching. The dielectric spacers214 include one or more suitable dielectric material, such as siliconoxide, silicon nitride, other suitable dielectric material, orcombination thereof. The substrate 202 includes three regions: firstregions R₁ with the first conductive features 210 formed thereon; secondregions R₂ with the second conductive features 212 formed thereon; andthird regions R₃ with the dielectric spacers 214 formed thereon. In theembodiments where the first conductive features 210 are gate electrodesand the second conductive features 212 are contacts to the S/D features,the first regions R₁ are gate regions and the second regions R₂ arecontact regions.

A first conductive feature 210 spans a first width W₁, a secondconductive feature 212 spans a second width W₂. and a dielectric spacer214 spans between the adjacent first conductive feature 210 and thesecond conductive feature 212 with a third width W₃. In some examples,the widths W₁, W₂, and W₃ range between 7 nm and 500 nm, between 5 nmand 500 nm, and between 3 nm and 50 nm, respectively. The height of thefirst conductive features 210, the second conductive features 212 andthe dielectric spacers 214 ranges between 10 nm and 100 nm. When thefeatures sizes are scaled down in advanced technology nodes, the widthW₃ of the dielectric spacers 214 is scaled down to a small size as well.Various conductive features of the interconnect structure formed on thefirst and second conductive features 210/212 have much less margins tobe properly aligned with the underlying conductive features 210/212,causing short or bridging issues if the misalignment is beyond thetolerable range, which is also scaled-down. On the other side, usingetch selectivity to achieve self-aligned process may overcome the issuesif three or more different materials are employed, which will increasemanufacturing cost and fabrication complexity, not to mention thechallenges in choosing dielectric materials and etchants and otherissues, such as the gate height loss during all those etching processes.The disclosed method 100 achieves the self-alignment using only twodifferent dielectric materials.

The method 100 may include an operation 108 to perform a treatment tothe first conductive features 210, the second conductive features 212,or both to enhance selective depositions in the next operation.

The method 100 includes a procedure 110 to perform selective depositionsof first and second dielectric materials on the first conductivefeatures 210 and the second conductive features 212, respectively,thereby forming a staggered dual self-aligned dielectric structure(SDSADS) 220, as illustrated in FIG. 7. The first dielectric materialand the second dielectric material are different from each other to haveselective depositions and selective etchings during later operations.Furthermore, the dielectric material of the spacers 214 in the thirdregions R₃ are different from the first and second dielectric materialin composition for deposition selectivity. More specifically, the SDSADSincludes multiple layers of the first dielectric material and multiplelayers of the second dielectric material alternatively deposited andinterdigitated in the third regions R₃. Only the first dielectricmaterial is present within the first regions R₁ which are free of thesecond dielectric material. Similarly, only the second dielectricmaterial is present within the second regions R₂ which are free of thefirst dielectric material, as illustrated in FIG. 7.

The SDSADS 220 is formed by selectively depositions of the first andsecond dielectric materials alternatively. Specifically, the firstdielectric material is selectively deposited within the first regions R₁and the second dielectric material is selectively deposited within thesecond regions R₂. The SDSADS 220 and the procedure 110 to form the sameare further described with the reference to FIG. 1B of the procedure 110and FIGS. 3 through 7 of the semiconductor structure 200.

Referring to FIG. 1B and FIG. 3, the procedure 110 includes an operation152 to selectively deposit a first dielectric material 216-1 within thefirst regions R₁, relative to the second regions R₂ and the thirdregions R₃, by a selective deposition process. The first dielectricmaterial is only deposited on the first regions R₁ but not on the secondregions R₂ and the third regions R₃. However, during the selectivedeposition, the first dielectric material laterally extends into theadjacent third regions R₃ because the previously deposited firstdielectric material serves as new deposition surfaces for subsequentdeposition.

This can be explained with reference to FIG. 24 of a structure 2400 in asectional view. The structure 2400 includes two regions of differentmaterials on the top surface: a first region (“region 1”) of material2412 and second region (“Region 2”) of material 2414. When a selectivedeposition is applied to the structure 2400, a material 2422 isselectively deposited on the first material 2412 in the first region.The growth front of the deposited material 2422 moves from 2422-1, to2422-2, 2422-3, etc. Taking the growth front 2422-2 as an example, thegrowth front 2422-2 includes a top area and side areas. The growth front2422-2 in the top area provides a surface for further deposition to growvertically while the growth front 2422-2 in the side areas providesurfaces for further deposition that leads to horizontally extending ofthe material 2422 into the adjacent second region. In other example, thesecond regions are treated with inhibitor 2502 to provide selectivedeposition, as illustrated in FIG. 25. The inhibitor has a particularsurface chemistry property, such as hydrophobic vs hydrophilic. In someembodiments, the inhibitor includes a hydrophobic/hydrophilic functiongroup that selectively absorbs on desired non-growth surface to blocksubsequent growth (such as atomic layer deposition-ALD) thereon. Thus,the subsequent ALD film only selectively grows on the desired surface.

Back to FIG. 3, the growth front of the deposited first dielectricmaterial provides a top surface for further deposition to extendvertically; and the sidewalls surfaces for further deposition that leadsto horizontally extending of the first dielectric material into theadjacent third region R₃.

The selective deposition in the operation 152 is controlled such thatthe lateral extension of the first dielectric material reaches thefarthermost edge of the adjacent dielectric spacer 214 and fully coversthe corresponding third region R₃. Thus, the first dielectric materialdeposited by the operation 152 covers both the first regions R₁ and theadjacent third regions R₃, as illustrated in FIG. 3. Such formeddielectric layer of the first dielectric material is referred by anumeral 216-1. The selective deposition in the operation 152 includesany suitable deposition technique. In the present embodiment, theselective deposition in the operation 152 includes atomic layerdeposition (ALD) tuned to have deposition selectivity, with mechanismdescribed above, such as with inhibitor. In some embodiments, to protectthe inhibitor on the non-growth surface, the ALD process is tuned tohave a deposition temperature less than 350° C., to avoid destructingthe inhibitor film absorbing on the non-growth surface. The depositedfirst dielectric material 216-1 also serves as new deposition surfacesfor subsequent deposition.

Referring to FIG. 1B and FIG. 4, the procedure 110 further includes anoperation 154 to selectively deposit a second dielectric material 218-1within the second regions R₂, relative to the first regions R₁ and thethird regions R₃, by another selective deposition process. The seconddielectric material is deposited only on the second regions R₂, not onthe first regions R₁ and the third regions R₃. However, during theselective deposition, the second dielectric material laterally extendsinto the adjacent third regions R₃ for the similar reason describedabove. The selective deposition in the operation 154 is controlled suchthat the lateral extension of the second dielectric material reaches thefarthermost edge of the adjacent dielectric spacer 214 and fully coversthe corresponding third region R₃. Thus, the second dielectric materialdeposited by the operation 154 covers both the second regions R₂ and theadjacent third regions R₃, as illustrated in FIG. 4. Such formeddielectric layer of the second dielectric material is referred by anumeral 218-1. The selective deposition in the operation 154 includesany suitable deposition technique. In the present embodiment, theselective deposition in the operation 154 includes ALD tuned to havedeposition selectivity. In some embodiments, the ALD process is tuned tohave a deposition temperature less than 350° C., to ensure the inhibitorfilm absorbing on the non-growth surface.

The first dielectric material and the second dielectric material aredifferent in composition for selective deposition and selective etching.In some example, the first dielectric material includes silicon oxide,silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbonitride, siliconcarbon oxynitride, silicon carbide, or metal oxide (e.g., hafnium oxide,zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and aluminum oxide), or a combinationthereof. The second dielectric material is also chosen from the groupbut is chosen to be different from the first dielectric material. Forexample, the first dielectric material is metal oxide, and the seconddielectric material is silicon nitride. In another example, the firstdielectric material is a silicon-containing dielectric material (such assilicon oxide, silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride) and the seconddielectric material is a metal-containing dielectric material (such ashafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and aluminum oxide).The dielectric material of the spacers 214 is different from both thefirst and second dielectric materials for deposition selectivity. Forexample, the first dielectric material includes metal oxide, the seconddielectric material includes silicon nitride and the dielectric materialof the spacers 214 includes silicon oxide.

The operations 152 and 154 are repeated multiple cycles to deposit thefirst dielectric material and the second dielectric materialalternatively, thereby forming a SDSADS 220 with a collective thicknessreaching a targeted thickness. Specifically, in an i^(th) cycle, by theoperation 152, the first dielectric material is selectively deposited inthe first regions R₁ and extends laterally to the adjacent third regionsR₃, referred to as first dielectric layer 216-i; and then, by theoperation 154, the second dielectric material is deposited in the secondregions R₂ and extends laterally to the adjacent third regions R₃,referred to as second dielectric layer 218-i. For example, another firstdielectric layer 216-2 is deposited in the first regions R₁ and extendsto the third regions R₃ as illustrated in FIG. 5; another seconddielectric layer 218-2 is deposited in the second regions R₂ and extendsto the third regions R₃ as illustrated in FIG. 6; another firstdielectric layer 216-3 is deposited in the first regions R₁ and extendsto the third regions R₃, and so on to form the SDSADS 220, asillustrated in FIG. 7. The alternative depositions 152 and 154 continueuntil the collective thickness T of the SDSADS 220 reaches the targetthickness, such as the desired thickness to form vias in the SDSADS 220.The procedure 110 may include a block 156 to determine if the collectivethickness T reaches the target. If not, go back to repeat (158) theoperations 152 and 154. If yes, the procedure 110 is completed with theformed SDSADS 220. FIG. 7 only illustrates exemplary first dielectriclayers (216-1, 216-2, 216-3, and . . . ) and the second dielectriclayers (218-1, 218-2, and . . . ). The real numbers of the firstdielectric layers and the second dielectric layers depends on thetargeted thickness T. The first dielectric layers include N₁ layers:216-1, 216-2, . . . and 216-N₁. The second dielectric layers include N₂layers: 218-1, 218-2, . . . and 218-N₂. Both N₁ and N₂ are greater than2, such as between 5 and 10. In some embodiments, at least one of N₁ andN₂ is 2 or greater than 2 and the another is 1 or great than 1. Suchformed SDSADS 220 includes three portions, the first regions R₁ havingonly the first dielectric material, the second regions R₂ having onlythe second dielectric material; and the third regions R₃ having both thefirst and second dielectric materials interdigitated. Alternatively, theprocedure 110 may have a different sequence, such as beginning at theoperation 154, then the operation 152, and repeats the operations 154and 152 until the SDSADS 220 reaches the targeted thickness.

To form the SDSADS 220, the operations 152 and 154 are tuned to achieveselective depositions, as described above. The selective depositiondepends on many factors including deposition process, depositeddielectric material compositions and deposition surface. Accordingly,the selective deposition process can be tuned by choosing a combinationof the deposition process, compositions of the first and seconddielectric materials and deposition surface. In some embodiments, themethod 100 includes, prior to the procedure 110, an operation 108 totreat or modify the first regions R₁, the second regions R₂, or both toprovide surfaces with deposition selectivity.

Referring back to FIG. 1A and FIG. 8, the method 100 may include anoperation to form an inter-layer dielectric (ILD) layer 222 thatincludes one or more suitable dielectric material, such as siliconoxide, silicon nitride, low-k dielectric material, other suitabledielectric material, or a combination thereof. For example, an ILD layeris deposited by a suitable deposition technique, such as chemical vapordeposition (CVD), and then a CMP process is applied to recess andplanarize the top surface.

Referring to FIGS. 1A, 9 and 10, the method 100 proceeds to an operation112 to perform a first patterning process to selectively etch the firstdielectric material (the first dielectric materials layers 216-1, 216-2,etc.) relative to the second dielectric material (the second dielectricmaterials layers 218-1, 218-2, etc.). The first patterning process mayinclude forming a first mask 224 with one or more opening 226 to exposethe first region R₁ to be etched, as illustrated in FIG. 9. The opening226 of the first mask 224 is not necessarily aligned exactly with thefirst dielectric material in one of the first regions R₁ due to theetching selectivity between the first and second dielectric materials.Thus, even various dimensions/sizes are scaled down with limitedalignment margins, the disclosed method overcomes the previouslydescribed issues by the self-aligned etching. The first mask 224 may bea patterned photoresist layer formed by a lithography process thatincludes spin coating, exposure and developing. Alternatively, the firstmask 224 may be a hard mask formed by a lithography process and etchingthat transfers the opening from a photoresist layer to the hard mask.

Then a first selective etching process is applied to the semiconductorstructure 200 to selectively etch the first dielectric material, therebyforming a trench 228 in the SDSADS 220, as illustrated in FIG. 10. Thefirst conductive feature 210 is exposed within the first trench 228. Thesecond dielectric material, even exposed in the opening 226, survivesthrough the selective etching process. The staggered portions of theSDSADS 220 within the third regions R₃ also substantially survive evenbeing exposed within the opening 226. This is because that the staggeredportions include the first and second dielectric materials beinginterdigitated, and the first dielectric material layers covered by thesecond dielectric material are protected from etching. The firstselective etching process may include an anisotropic etching process,such as a plasma etch, with an etchant to selectively etch the firstdielectric material. Alternatively, the first selective etching processmay include a dry etch, a wet etch, or a combination thereof, withetchant(s) that selectively removes the first dielectric material.

Referring to FIGS. 1A and 11, the method 100 proceeds to an operation114 to form a first via 230 in the first trench 228. The first via 230is a conductive feature and is directly landing on the first conductivefeature 210 as portions of the interconnect structure. The first via 230may include metal, metal alloy, other suitable conductive material, or acombination thereof. In some examples, the first via 230 includescobalt, tungsten, ruthenium, copper, aluminum, or a combination thereof.The first via 230 may include two or more films, such as a barrier layerand a filling conductive material. The operation 114 includes adeposition process with a suitable technique, such as CVD, PVD, ALD,plating, other suitable deposition or a combination thereof. Theoperation 114 may further include a CMP process to remove portionsdeposited on the SDSADS 220 and planarize the top surface. The firstmask 224 is removed afterward by the CMP, a proper removal method, suchas wet etch, or a combination thereof.

Referring to FIGS. 1A, 12 and 13, the method 100 also includes anoperation 116 to perform a second patterning process to selectively etchthe second dielectric material (the second dielectric materials layers218-1, 218-2, etc.) relative to the first dielectric material (the firstdielectric materials layers 216-1, 216-2, etc.). The second patterningprocess may include forming a second mask 234 with one or more opening236 to expose the second region R₂ to be etched, as illustrated in FIG.12. For the similar reason, the opening 236 of the second mask 234 isnot necessarily aligned exactly with the second dielectric material inone of the second regions R₂ due to etching selectivity between thefirst and second dielectric materials. The second mask 234 may be apatterned photoresist layer formed by a lithography process, or apatterned hard mask formed by a lithography process and etching.

Then a second selective etching process is applied to the semiconductorstructure 200 to selectively etch the second dielectric material,thereby forming a trench 238 in the SDSADS 220, as illustrated in FIG.13. The first dielectric material, even exposed in the opening 236,survives during the selective etching process. The staggered portions ofthe SDSADS 220 within the third regions R₃ also substantially survive,even exposed within the opening 236 because the staggered portionsinclude the first and second dielectric materials being interdigitated,and the second dielectric material layers covered by the firstdielectric material are protected from etching. The second selectiveetching process may include an anisotropic etching process, such as aplasma etch, with an etchant to selectively etch the second dielectricmaterial. Alternatively, the second selective etching process mayinclude a dry etch, a wet etch, or a combination thereof, withetchant(s) that selectively removes the second dielectric material. Theetchant used in the second selective etching process is different fromthat used in the first selective etching process. For example, the firstdielectric material is a metal oxide (such as hafnium oxide, zirconiumoxide, lanthanum oxide, aluminum oxide, or a combination thereof) andthe second dielectric material is silicon nitride. The first etchantused in the first selective etching process includes chlorine (Cl) orBCl₃ to etch metal oxide and stop on silicon nitride, while the secondetchant used in the second selective etching process includes CH₃F toetch silicon nitride and stop on metal oxide.

Referring to FIGS. 1A and 14A, the method 100 proceeds to an operation118 to form a second via 240 in the second trench 238. The second via240 is a conductive feature and is directly landing on the secondconductive feature 212 as portions of the interconnect structure. Thesecond via 240 may include metal, metal alloy, other suitable conductivematerial, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the second via 240includes cobalt, tungsten, ruthenium, copper, aluminum, or a combinationthereof. The second via 240 may include two or more films, such as abarrier layer and a filling conductive material. The operation 118includes a deposition process with a suitable technique, such as CVD,PVD, ALD, plating, other suitable deposition or a combination thereof.The operation 118 may further include a CMP process to remove portionsdeposited on the SDSADS 220 and planarize the top surface. The secondmask 234 may be removed afterward by the CMP, a proper removal method,such as wet etch, or a combination thereof.

In some embodiments, thus formed conductive features (the first via 230and the second via 240) have uneven sidewalls as illustrated in FIG.14B. Due to the lateral etching effects of the first patterning processto selectively etch the first dielectric material layers at theoperation 112 and the second patterning process to selectively etch thesecond dielectric material layers at the operation 116, thecorresponding dielectric material layers are laterally etched, resultingin the first trench 228 with the first dielectric material layerslaterally recessed and/or the second trench 238 with the seconddielectric material layers laterally recessed. Accordingly, thus formedconductive features (the first via 230 and the second via 240) havesidewalls with sinuous profiles.

Alternatively, the SDSADS 220 is initially formed thicker than thedesired thickness, a top portion of the SDSADS 220 is then removed byCMP to form the first via 230 and the second via 240 with improved shapeand profile, as illustrated in FIG. 15. Such formed SDSADS 220 and thevias 230/240 are collectively referred to as a staggered self-alignedcontact/via structure 246 with the desired thickness.

In the staggered self-aligned contact/via structure, the first via 230spans a fourth width W₄, the second via 240 spans a fifth width W₅. andthe staggered dielectric spacer 242 spans a sixth width W₆ between thefirst via 230 and the second via 240. By the disclosed method, thosewidths can achieve smaller dimensions. For examples, the widths W₄, W₅,and W₆ can achieve to ranges between 5 nm and 100 nm, between 5 nm and100 nm, and between 3 nm and 20 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, the firstvias 230 and the second vias 240 can achieve a height in a range from 5nm to 100 nm, and the staggered dielectric spacers 242 achieve a heightin a range between 2 nm and 90 nm.

The method 100 and the semiconductor structure 200 may have differentembodiments, alternatives and extensions. In one example, the operations112/114 and the operations 116/118 have a different sequence, such asthe operations 116 and 118, and thereafter the operations 112 and 114.The etching processes and etchants to perform the first and secondselective etchings could be chosen according to the first and seconddielectric materials. In some example where the first dielectricmaterial includes silicon oxide and the second dielectric materialincludes a high-k dielectric material, the first etching process is adry etching process using an etchant that includes fluorine-containinggas (such as CF₂, SF₆, NF₃ or a combination thereof) while the secondetching process is a dry etching process using an etchant that includeschlorine-containing gas (such as Cl₂). In some embodiments, the etchantincludes CH₃F/O₂ for selectively etching silicon nitride but not etchingsilicon oxide. In some embodiments, the etchant includes C₄F₆ forselectively etching silicon oxide but not etching silicon nitride. Inanother example, the conductive features 230 and 240 may be otherinterconnect features, such as metal lines landing on the correspondingunderlying conductive features (such as vias or contacts).

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a method 1600 to form fin active regions;FETs; and source/drain contacts constructed in accordance with someembodiments. FIG. 17A is a schematic view of a semiconductor structure1700 constructed in accordance with some embodiments. The method 1600includes the operations 104 and 106 of the method 100. The semiconductorstructure 1700 may be portions of the semiconductor structure 200 beforethe formation of the first via 230, the second via 240 and the SDSADS220. The method 1600 and the semiconductor structure 1700 arecollectively described with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17A.

The method 1600 begins with an operation 1602 by forming shallow trenchisolation (STI) features 1704 on the semiconductor substrate 202. Insome embodiments, the STI features 1704 are formed by a procedure thatincludes patterning the substrate to form trenches; filling the trencheswith dielectric material; and polishing to remove the excessivedielectric material and to planarize the top surface. In detaileddescription according to some examples, the patterning process includesa lithography process and etching. The lithography process includescoating, exposure, developing and steps such as baking. A resist is usedto define the fin structure may be formed on the hard mask layer. Anexemplary resist layer includes a photosensitive material that causesthe layer to undergo a property change when exposed to light, such asultraviolet (UV) light, deep UV (DUV) light or extreme UV (EUV) light.The etching processes may include any suitable etching technique such asdry etching, wet etching, and/or other etching methods (e.g., reactiveion etching (RIE)). One or more dielectric material is filled in thetrenches to form the STI feature 1704. Suitable fill dielectricmaterials include semiconductor oxides, semiconductor nitrides,semiconductor oxynitrides, fluorinated silica glass (FSG), low-Kdielectric materials, and/or combinations thereof. In various exemplaryembodiments, the dielectric material is deposited using a HDP-CVDprocess, a sub-atmospheric CVD (SACVD) process, a high-aspect ratioprocess (HARP), a flowable CVD (FCVD), and/or a spin-on process.

The method 1600 also includes an operation 1604 to form fin activeregions 1706. The operation 1604 includes recessing the STI features1704 such that the fin active regions 1706 are extruded above the STIfeatures 1704. The recessing process employs one or more etching steps(such as dry etch, wet etch or a combination thereof) to selectivelyetch back the STI features 1704. For example, a wet etching processusing hydrofluoric acid may be used to etch when the STI features 1704are silicon oxide. The fin active regions 1706 have elongated shapesoriented in the X direction, as illustrated in FIG. 17A.

Various doping processes may be applied to the semiconductor regions toform various doped wells, such as n-wells and p-wells at the presentstage or before the operation 1604. Various doped wells may be formed inthe semiconductor substrate 202 by respective ion implantations.

The method 1600 proceeds to an operation 1606 by forming dummy gates onthe fin active regions 1706. The dummy gates are not shown in FIG. 17Aand are to be replaced by metal gates 1708 at later fabrication stages.The dummy gates have elongated shapes and are oriented in the Ydirection according to the present embodiment. Each of the dummy gatesare disposed over multiple fin active regions 1706. The dummy gates mayinclude polysilicon and may additionally include silicon oxideunderlying the polysilicon. The dummy gates are formed by deposition andpatterning that further includes lithography process and etching.

One or more gate sidewall features (or spacers) 1710 are formed on thesidewalls of the dummy gates. The spacers 1710 may also be formed on thesidewalls of the fin active regions 1706. The gate spacers 1710 includesany suitable dielectric material, such as a semiconductor oxide, asemiconductor nitride, a semiconductor carbon oxide, a semiconductoroxynitride, other suitable dielectric materials, or combinationsthereof. The spacers 1710 may have multiple films, such as two films (asilicon oxide film and a silicon nitride film) or three films ((asilicon oxide film; a silicon nitride film; and a silicon oxide film).The formation of the spacers 1710 includes deposition and anisotropicetching, such as dry etching.

The method 1600 proceeds to an operation 1608 by forming various sourcesand drains (or source and drain features) 1712 to respective FinFETs.The source and drain features 1712 may include both light doped drain(LDD) features and heavily doped source and drain (S/D). Each fieldeffect transistor includes a source and a drain formed on the respectivefin active region and interposed by the dummy gate. A channel is formedin the fin active region in a portion that is underlying the dummy gateand spans between the corresponding source and drain 1712. The sourcesand drains 1712 may be formed to have a raised structure by selectiveepitaxial growth for strain effect with enhanced carrier mobility anddevice performance. The dummy gates and the spacers 1710 constrain thesources and drains 1712 to be selectively grown within the source/drainregions with proper profile. In some embodiments, the sources and drains1712 are formed by one or more epitaxial (epi) processes, whereby Sifeatures, SiGe features, SiC features, and/or other suitablesemiconductor features are grown in a crystalline state on the finactive regions 1706. Alternatively, an etching process is applied torecess the source/drain regions before the epitaxial growth. Suitableepitaxial processes include CVD deposition techniques (e.g., vapor-phaseepitaxy (VPE) and/or ultra-high vacuum CVD (UHV-CVD), molecular beamepitaxy, atomic layer deposition, and/or other suitable processes. Theepitaxial process may use gaseous and/or liquid precursors, whichinteract with the composition of the fin active regions 1706. In someembodiments, adjacent sources/drains may be grown to merge together toprovide increased contact area with reduced contact resistance.

The method 1600 proceeds to an operation 1610, in which an inter-leveldielectric material (ILD) layer 1714 is formed on the semiconductorsubstrate 202, covering the sources and drains 1712. The ILD layer 1714is drawn with dashed lines in FIG. 17A and is illustrated as transparentto have better view of other features (such as the fin active regions1706) embedded in the ILD layer 1714. The ILD layer 1714 surrounds thedummy gates allowing the dummy gates to be removed and a replacementgate to be formed in the resulting cavity. The ILD layer 1714 is also apart of an electrical interconnect structure that electricallyinterconnects various devices of the semiconductor structure 1700. Insuch embodiments, the ILD layer 1714 acts as an insulator that supportsand isolates the conductive traces. The ILD layer 1714 may include anysuitable dielectric material, such as a semiconductor oxide, asemiconductor nitride, a semiconductor oxynitride, other suitabledielectric materials, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, theILD layer 1714 includes a low-k dielectric material (with a dielectricconstant less than that of silicon oxide). The formation of the ILDlayer 1714 may include deposition and CMP to provide a planarized topsurface.

The method 1600 proceeds to an operation 1612 for gate replacement. Thedummy gates are removed and replaced by gates 1708 with high-kdielectric material and metal, therefore also referred to as high-kmetal gates (or metal gates) 1708. The gate replacement process mayinclude etching, deposition and polishing. In the present embodiment,the dummy gates are selectively removed by etching, resulting in gatecavities (or gate trenches). Then the gate materials, such as high kdielectric material and metal, are deposited in the gate trenches toform the high-k metal gates 1708. A CMP process is further implementedto polish and remove the excessive gate materials from the semiconductorstructure 1600.

The metal gates 1708 are formed in the gate trenches by a properprocedure, such as a gate-last process or a high-k-last process,although it is understood that the metal gates 1708 may have anysuitable gate structure and may be formed by any suitable procedure. Ametal gate 1708 is formed on the semiconductor substrate 202 overlyingthe channel of the fin active region 1706. The metal gates 1708 includea gate dielectric layer 1708A and a gate electrode 1708B disposed on thegate dielectric layer 1708A. In the present embodiment, the gatedielectric layer 1708A includes a high-k dielectric material and thegate electrode 1708B includes metal or metal alloy. In some examples,the gate dielectric layer 1708A and the gate electrode 1708B each mayinclude multiple films. The high-k dielectric material may include metaloxide (such as LaO, AlO, ZrO, TiO, Ta₂O₅, Y₂O₃, SrTiO₃ (STO), BaTiO₃(BTO), BaZrO, HfZrO, HfLaO, HfSiO, LaSiO, AlSiO, HfTaO, HfTiO,(Ba,Sr)TiO₃ (BST), Al₂O₃), metal nitride, Si₃N₄, silicon oxynitrides(SiON), or other suitable dielectric materials. The gate electrode 1708Bmay include Ti, Ag, Al, TiAlN, TaC, TaCN, TaSiN, Mn, Zr, TiN, TaN, Ru,Mo, Al, WN, Cu, W, Ru, Co, or any suitable conductive materials. In someembodiments, different metal materials are used for n-type FET (nFET)and p-type FET (pFET) devices with respective work functions to reducethreshold voltage and enhance device performance. In some otherembodiments, the gate dielectric layer 1708A is formed in the high-klast process, in which the gate dielectric layer 1708A is deposited inthe gate trench and is U-shaped, as illustrated in FIG. 17A.

The gate dielectric layer 1708A may further include an interfacial layerinterposed between the high-k dielectric material layer and thecorresponding fin active region 1706. The interfacial layer may includesilicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and/or othersuitable material. The interfacial layer is deposited by a suitablemethod, such as ALD, CVD, ozone oxidation, etc. The high-k dielectriclayer is deposited on the interfacial layer (if the interfacial layerpresents) by a suitable technique, such as ALD, CVD, metal-organic CVD(MOCVD), PVD, thermal oxidation, combinations thereof, and/or othersuitable techniques.

The gate electrode 1708B may include multiple conductive materials. Insome embodiments, the gate electrode 1708B includes a capping layer, ablocking layer, a work function (WF) metal layer, and a filling metallayer. In furtherance of the embodiments, the capping layer includestitanium nitride, tantalum nitride, or other suitable material, formedby a proper deposition technique such as ALD. The blocking layerincludes titanium nitride, tantalum nitride, or other suitable material,formed by a proper deposition technique such as ALD.

The WF metal layer includes a conductive layer of metal or metal alloywith proper work function such that the corresponding FET has a reducedthreshold voltage and is enhanced for its device performance. The WFmetal layer for a pFET (such as in the first region 202A) and the WFmetal layer for a nFET (such as in the second region 202B) are differentin composition, being referred to as an p-type WF metal and a n-type WFmetal, respectively. Particularly, an n-type WF metal is a metal havinga first work function such that the threshold voltage of the associatednFET is reduced. The n-type WF metal has a work function close to thesilicon conduction band energy (Ec) or lower work function, presentingeasier electron escape. For example, the n-type WF metal has a workfunction of about 4.2 eV or less. A p-type WF metal is a metal having asecond work function such that the threshold voltage of the associatedpFET is reduced. The p-type WF metal has a work function close to thesilicon valence band energy (Ev) or higher work function, presentingstrong electron bonding energy to the nuclei. For example, the p-typework function metal has a WF of about 5.2 eV or higher. In someembodiments, the n-type WF metal includes tantalum (Ta). In otherembodiments, the n-type WF metal includes titanium aluminum (TiAl),titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN), or combinations thereof. In otherembodiments, the n-metal include Ta, TiAl, TiAlN, tungsten nitride (WN),or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the p-type WF metalincludes titanium nitride (TiN) or tantalum nitride (TaN). In otherembodiments, the p-metal include TiN, TaN, tungsten nitride (WN),titanium aluminum (TiAl), or combinations thereof. The work functionmetal is deposited by a suitable technique, such as PVD. The n-type WFmetal or the p-type WF metal may include various metal-based films as astack for optimized device performance and processing compatibility.

The method 1600 may also include an operation 1614 to form one or morecontact 1716 landing on source and drain features 1712. FIG. 17A onlyprovides two exemplary contacts for illustration, it is understood thata plurality of the contacts 1716 are formed and are landing onrespective source and drain features 1712. The operation 1614 mayinclude patterning the ILD layer 1714 to form contact holes; depositingconductive material in the contact holes; and polishing by CMP, inaccordance with some embodiments. The patterning process may use aself-aligned etching process to selectively etch the ILD layer 1714using the spacers 1710 to constrain the etching process to beself-aligned with the respective source and drains. The conductivematerial includes cobalt, ruthenium, nickel, tungsten, copper, aluminum,other suitable metal or metal alloy, or a combination thereof.

Thereafter, the staggered self-aligned contact/via structure 246 isformed on the semiconductor structure 1700, as illustrated in FIG. 17B,by various operations (such as operations 110 through 118) in the method100 of FIG. 1A as previously described. FIG. 17C is a sectional view ofthe semiconductor structure 1700 of FIG. 17B, in portion, constructed inaccordance with some embodiments.

Back to the procedure 110 of FIG. 1B to form the SDSADS 220 by selectivedepositions. The procedure 110 includes the operation 152 for the firstselective deposition and the operation 154 for the second selectivedeposition. A selective deposition depends on many factors includingdeposition process, the composition of the deposited dielectricmaterial, and deposition surface. Accordingly, the first and secondselective deposition processes are tuned by choosing proper combinationsof the deposition process, compositions of the first and seconddielectric materials, and deposition surface.

In some embodiments, the first conductive features 210 and the secondconductive features are different conductive materials and may providedeposition selectivity. For example, the first conductive features 210include copper and the second conductive features 212 include tungsten.In other examples, the first conductive features 210 include aluminum,metal alloy, silicide, or a combination thereof while the secondconductive features 212 include copper, tungsten, nickel or acombination thereof. In this case, the procedure 110 starts on thesemiconductor structure 200 illustrated in FIG. 2.

Alternatively, the method 100 includes the operation 108 to treat ormodify the surface of the semiconductor structure 200 to enhance andensure the selective depositions prior to the procedure 110. Severalembodiments are described below.

In some embodiments, the first regions R₁ are modified to have the firstdielectric material (referred to as first dielectric layer 216-0) on thetop, as illustrated in FIG. 18. In furtherance of the embodiments, theoperation 108 includes selectively etching to recess the firstconductive features 210, depositing the first dielectric material; andperform a CMP process to remove the first dielectric material depositedon the other regions and planarize the top surface. Thus, the firstregions R₁ have surfaces of the first dielectric material different fromthat (a conductive material) in the second regions R₂ and that (adifferent dielectric material) in the third regions R₃. In this case,the first patterning process in the operation 112 continues to etchthrough the first dielectric layer 216-0 until the first conductivefeatures 210 are exposed in the corresponding trenches. Accordingly, thefirst via 230 extends to the recessed surface of the first conductivefeature 210 in the final structure, as illustrated in FIG. 19.

In some embodiments, the second conductive features 212 are modified tohave the second dielectric material (referred to as second dielectriclayer 218-0) on the top, as illustrated in FIG. 20. In furtherance ofthe embodiments, the operation 108 includes selectively etching torecess the second conductive features 212, depositing the seconddielectric material; and perform a CMP process to remove the seconddielectric material deposited on the other regions and planarize the topsurface. Thus, the second regions R₂ have surfaces of the seconddielectric material different from that (a conductive material) in thefirst regions R₁ and that (a different dielectric material) in the thirdregions R₃. The procedure 110 for selective deposition starts on thesemiconductor structure 200 of FIG. 20. In this case, the secondpatterning process in the operation 116 continues to etch through thesecond dielectric layer 218-0 until the second conductive features 212are exposed in the corresponding trenches. Accordingly, the second via240 extends to the recessed surface of the second conductive feature 212in the final structure, as illustrated in FIG. 21.

In some embodiments, both the first conductive features 210 and thesecond conductive features 212 are modified to have the first dielectriclayer 216-0 on the top of the first conductive features 210 and thesecond dielectric layer 218-0 on the top of the second conductivefeatures 212, respectively, as illustrated in FIG. 22. In furtherance ofthe embodiments, the operation 108 includes two procedures in eithersequence. The first procedure includes selectively etching to recess thefirst conductive features 210, depositing the first dielectric material;and perform a CMP process to remove the first dielectric materialdeposited on the other regions and planarize the top surface. The secondprocedure includes selectively etching to recess the second conductivefeatures 212, depositing the second dielectric material; and perform aCMP process to remove the second dielectric material deposited on theother regions and planarize the top surface. The CMP process may becollectively performed once at the end of the operation 108. Thus, thefirst regions R₁ have surfaces of the first dielectric material; thesecond regions R₂ have surfaces of the second dielectric materialdifferent; and the third regions R₃ have a dielectric material differentfrom the first and second dielectric materials in composition. Theprocedure 110 for selective deposition starts on the semiconductorstructure 200 of FIG. 22. Similarly, the first via 230 extends to therecessed surface of the first conductive feature 210 and the second via240 extends to the recessed surface of the second conductive feature 212in the final structure, as illustrated in FIG. 23.

In some embodiments, one or two of the first regions R₁, the secondregions R₂, and the third regions R₃ are treated with an inhibitor toprovide or enhance the deposition selectivity.

Other fabrication steps may be implemented before, during and after theoperations of the method. For example, various metal lines and vias inthe interconnect structure are further formed on the semiconductorstructure to electrically connect various FinFETs and other devices intoa functional circuit by proper technique, such as dual damasceneprocess. Particularly, the gate electrodes are electrically connectedthrough the first vias 230; and the source and drain features areelectrically connected through the second conductive features 212 andthe second via 240. In various patterning processes above in the method100, each patterning procedure may be implemented through doublepatterning or multiple patterning.

The present disclosure provides an IC and a method making the same inaccordance with various embodiments. Especially, the IC structureincludes a staggered dual self-aligned dielectric structure, and viasformed therein and aligned with underlying conductive features. Themethod includes selective depositions of a first dielectric material anda second dielectric material interdigitated, and selective etchingprocesses. The method employed two dielectric materials to form thestaggered dual self-aligned dielectric structure with increasedthroughput and reduced fabrication cost by patterning without usinglithography process. Such formed vias provide electrical routing tovarious components, such as gate electrodes, sources and drains.

Thus, the present disclosure provides a semiconductor structure inaccordance with some embodiments. The semiconductor structure includes asemiconductor substrate; a first conductive feature and a secondconductive feature disposed on the semiconductor substrate; and astaggered dielectric feature interposed between the first and secondconductive feature. The staggered dielectric feature includes firstdielectric layers and second dielectric layers being interdigitated. Thefirst dielectric layers include a first dielectric material and thesecond dielectric layers include a second dielectric material beingdifferent from the first dielectric material.

The present disclosure provides a method forming an integrated circuitstructure in accordance with some embodiments. The method includesproviding a semiconductor structure having a first conductive feature ina first region and a second conductive feature in a second region, and adielectric spacer interposed between the first and second conductivefeatures; selectively depositing a first dielectric film of a firstdielectric material on the first contact, wherein the selectivelydepositing of the first dielectric film includes laterally extends thefirst dielectric film to the dielectric spacer; and selectivelydepositing a second dielectric film of a second dielectric material onthe second contact. The selectively depositing of the second dielectricfilm includes laterally extends the second dielectric film to a lateralextended portion of the first dielectric film over the dielectricspacer. The second dielectric material is different from the firstdielectric material in composition.

The present disclosure provides a method in accordance with some otherembodiments. The method includes providing a semiconductor structurethat includes a first conductive feature in a first region, a secondconductive feature in a second region, and a dielectric spacer in athird region interposing between the first and second regions;selectively depositing a first dielectric material in the first region,wherein the selectively depositing of the first dielectric materialincludes laterally extending the first dielectric material to the thirdregion; selectively depositing a second dielectric material in thesecond region, wherein the selectively depositing of the seconddielectric material includes laterally extending the second dielectricmaterial to the third region, wherein the second dielectric material isdifferent from the first dielectric material in composition; andrepeatedly depositing the first and second dielectric materials to forma collective dielectric layer that includes the first dielectricmaterial in the first region, the second dielectric material in thesecond region, and a dielectric structure of the first and seconddielectric materials interdigitated in the third region.

The foregoing has outlined features of several embodiments. Thoseskilled in the art should appreciate that they may readily use thepresent disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processesand structures for carrying out the same purposes and/or achieving thesame advantages of the embodiments introduced herein. Those skilled inthe art should also realize that such equivalent constructions do notdepart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and thatthey may make various changes, substitutions and alterations hereinwithout departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A semiconductor structure, comprising: asemiconductor substrate; a first conductive feature and a secondconductive feature disposed on the semiconductor substrate; a first viafeature and a second via feature disposed on the first and secondconductive features, respectively; and a staggered dielectric featureinterposed between the first and second via features, wherein thestaggered dielectric feature includes a plurality of first dielectriclayers and a plurality of second dielectric layers being interdigitated,wherein the first dielectric layers include a first dielectric materialand the second dielectric layers include a second dielectric materialbeing different from the first dielectric material, each of the firstdielectric layers and each of the second dielectric layers contact boththe first via feature at a first edge and the second via feature at asecond edge; one of the first dielectric layers has a first thickness T1at the first edge and a second thickness T2 at the second edge; one ofthe second dielectric layers has a third thickness T3 at the first edgeand a fourth thickness T4 at the second edge; and T1 is greater than T3and T2 is less than T4.
 2. The semiconductor structure of claim 1,further comprising a dielectric spacer underlying and contacting thestaggered dielectric feature.
 3. The semiconductor structure of claim 2,wherein the first conductive feature is a gate electrode; the secondconductive feature is a contact to a source/drain feature; the first viafeature is a first interconnect feature electrically connecting to thegate electrode; and the second via feature is a second interconnectfeature electrically connecting to the contact.
 4. The semiconductorstructure of claim 2, wherein the staggered dielectric feature isaligned with and is completely overlapped with the dielectric spacer. 5.The semiconductor structure of claim 1, wherein the first dielectricmaterial is a silicon-containing dielectric material and the seconddielectric material is a metal-containing dielectric material.
 6. Thesemiconductor structure of claim 5, wherein the first dielectricmaterial includes one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride and siliconoxynitride, and the second dielectric material includes one of hafniumoxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and aluminum oxide.
 7. Thesemiconductor structure of claim 1, wherein the first dielectric layersinclude a first number N₁ of the first dielectric layers; the seconddielectric layers include a second number N₂ of the second dielectriclayers; and at least one of N₁ and N₂ is equal or greater than
 2. 8. Amethod, comprising: providing a semiconductor structure having a firstconductive feature in a first region and a second conductive feature ina second region, and a dielectric spacer in a third region interposedbetween the first and second conductive features; selectively depositinga first dielectric film of a first dielectric material on the firstconductive feature in the first region, wherein the selectivelydepositing of the first dielectric film includes laterally extending thefirst dielectric film to the dielectric spacer in the third region andbeing absent from the second conductive feature; and selectivelydepositing a second dielectric film of a second dielectric material onthe second conductive feature in the second region, wherein theselectively depositing of the second dielectric film includes laterallyextending the second dielectric film to a lateral extended portion ofthe first dielectric film over the dielectric spacer in the third regionand being absent from the first region, wherein the second dielectricmaterial is different from the first dielectric material in composition.9. The method of claim 8, wherein the dielectric spacer includes a firstedge laterally contacting the first conductive feature and a second edgelaterally contacting the second conductive feature; the selectivelydepositing of the first dielectric film includes laterally extends thefirst dielectric film to the second edge; and the selectively depositingof the second dielectric film includes laterally extends the seconddielectric film over the first dielectric film to the first edge. 10.The method of claim 9, further comprising: selectively depositing athird dielectric film of the first dielectric material on the firstdielectric film, wherein the selectively depositing of the thirddielectric film includes laterally extends the third dielectric filmover a laterally extended portion of the second dielectric film to thesecond edge; and selectively depositing a fourth dielectric film of thesecond dielectric material on the second dielectric film, wherein theselectively depositing of the fourth dielectric film includes laterallyextends the fourth dielectric film over a lateral extended portion ofthe third dielectric film to the first edge.
 11. The method of claim 10,wherein the selectively depositing of the first dielectric film includesperforming a first atomic layer deposition (ALD) process using a firstprecursor; and the selectively depositing of the second dielectric filmincludes performing a second ALD process using a second precursor beingdifferent from the first precursor.
 12. The method of claim 9, furthercomprising repeatedly depositing the first dielectric material and thesecond dielectric material to form a collective dielectric layer of thefirst and second dielectric materials until a thickness of thecollective dielectric layer reaches a desired thickness.
 13. The methodof claim 12, further comprising: performing a first etching process toselectively etch the first dielectric material, thereby forming a firsttrench; and forming a first via feature in the first trench, wherein thefirst via electrically connects to the first conductive feature.
 14. Themethod of claim 13, wherein the performing of the first etching processto selectively etch the first dielectric material further includesforming a patterned mask with an opening to expose the first dielectricmaterial by a lithography process; and the forming of the first viafeature in the first trench includes depositing a conductive material inthe first trench and performing a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP)process.
 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising performing asecond etching process to selectively etch the second dielectricmaterial, thereby forming a second trench; and forming a second viafeature in the second trench, wherein the second via electricallyconnects to the second conductive feature.
 16. The method of claim 15,wherein the first via feature and the second via feature are isolatedfrom each other by a staggered portion of the collective dielectriclayer; the staggered portion includes the first dielectric material andthe second dielectric material interdigitated; the first conductivefeature is a gate electrode; and the second conductive feature is acontact landing on a source/drain feature.
 17. The method of claim 8,further comprising forming an inhibitor on the second conductive featurein the second region before the selectively depositing of the firstdielectric film of the first dielectric material on the first conductivefeature.
 18. A method, comprising: providing a semiconductor structurethat includes a first conductive feature in a first region, a secondconductive feature in a second region, and a dielectric spacer in athird region interposing between the first and second regions;selectively depositing a first dielectric material in the first region,wherein the selectively depositing of the first dielectric materialincludes laterally extending the first dielectric material to the thirdregion; selectively depositing a second dielectric material in thesecond region, wherein the selectively depositing of the seconddielectric material includes laterally extending the second dielectricmaterial to the third region, wherein the second dielectric material isdifferent from the first dielectric material in composition; andrepeatedly depositing the first and second dielectric materials to forma collective dielectric layer that includes the first dielectricmaterial in the first region, the second dielectric material in thesecond region, and a dielectric structure of the first and seconddielectric materials interdigitated in the third region.
 19. The methodof claim 18, wherein the dielectric spacer includes a first edgelaterally contacting the first conductive feature and a second edgelaterally contacting the second conductive feature; the selectivelydepositing of the first dielectric material includes laterally extendsthe first dielectric material to the second edge; and the selectivelydepositing of the second dielectric material includes laterally extendsthe second dielectric material over the first dielectric material to thefirst edge.
 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising: performing afirst etching process to selectively etch the first dielectric material,thereby forming a first trench in the first region; and forming a firstvia in the first trench, wherein the first via electrically connects tothe first conductive feature.